As their name suggests, non-custodial intermediaries do not take deposits. Instead, they provide other financial services and collect fees for them as their primary means of business. Learn more about the different types of non-custodial financial intermediaries and how they work.
In this article, we will discuss the main types of non-custodial institutions. In many cases, these institutions are private companies. Although they may be regulated by the government, they are generally not supported or protected by the government. Below are various non-custodial intermediaries:
1. Insurance companies:
Insurance companies specialize in drafting contracts to protect their policyholders against the risk of financial loss associated with specific events, such as traffic accidents or fires. Insurance companies make money on the policies they sell, which protects against financial loss and/or generates revenue for later use. Policies are not tangible and the protection they provide is financial, so companies provide a financial service.
Insurance companies collect premiums from policyholders, which companies then invest to obtain the funds needed to pay claims to policyholders and to cover their other costs.
Although insurance companies do not generally make loans, in some cases the paid value of a policy may be used to secure a loan from the insurance company or other banks that take the policy on. loan guarantee. Insurance premiums (costs) are not deposits. Private insurance companies try to profit from premiums beyond the cost of insurance claims.
2. Trust companies/pension funds:
Companies that administer pension or retirement funds also provide financial services. For many people, retirement savings are the most important form of saving. These companies collect contributions from people and in return promise to provide future income. Pension funds invest contributions from workers and companies in stocks, bonds and mortgages to earn the money needed to pay pension payments when contributors retire. The growth for the contributor does not come from interest on deposits, but from the investments made by the administrator of these pension funds.
Some pension funds are tightly regulated, but others may not. These investments can generate a profit, but there is also a risk of loss. Private, state and local pension funds are an important source of demand for financial securities.
3. Brokerages:
A stockbroking firm, or simply a brokerage house, is a financial institution that facilitates the buying and selling of financial securities between a buyer and a seller. Brokers are people who execute orders to buy and sell stocks and other securities. These are paid commissions.
A traditional, or “full-service” brokerage firm typically undertakes more than just completing a stock or bond transaction. Their staff is responsible for studying the markets to provide appropriate recommendations. They provide services to help investors make the best of their investments. Brokerage firms can offer advice or guidance to individual investors as well as pension fund managers and portfolio managers. These are private companies that make a profit on transactions.
4. Loan companies:
Loan companies, sometimes called finance companies, are not banks. They do not take deposits and should not be confused with banks, savings and loan associations or credit unions. These are private companies that lend money and make a profit on the interest. They have relaxed documentation standards compared to other financial institutions and sometimes offer loans to customers when other institutions do not. To compensate for the risk, these companies charge a higher interest rate but provide quick access to funds to their customers.
5. Currency exchanges:
Bureaux de change do not make loans and do not take deposits. Bureaux de change are private companies that cash checks, sell money orders, or perform other currency exchange services. They charge a fee, usually a percentage of the amount traded. Bureaux de change are often located in areas where no other financial intermediary exists, and they offer the only financial services available to people in those areas. You will often find these currency exchange offices available at airports and other travel and tourist destinations.
Because their business depends on these fees, interest rates are usually higher than at banks or other financial institutions.
6. Mutual funds:
Mutual Funds (MFs) are regulated entities, which collect money from many investors and invest the full amount in the markets in a professional and transparent manner. The returns from these investments, net of management fees, are offered to you as unitholders of the FCP.
A mutual fund is a type of professionally managed collective investment vehicle that pools funds from many investors to buy securities. A mutual fund makes money by selling stocks to investors and then invests the money in various stocks and bonds, usually charging a small management fee for its services and sharing the returns with investors. They are sometimes called “investment companies” or “registered investment companies”. Most mutual funds are “open-ended,” which means investors can buy or sell shares of the fund at any time. MFs offer various programs, such as those that invest only in stocks or debt, index funds, gold funds, etc. to meet the risk appetite of various investors. Even with very small amounts, you can invest in MF programs through monthly systematic investment plans (SIPs).
Mutual funds have both advantages and disadvantages compared to investing directly in individual securities.
By purchasing shares of a mutual fund, investors can take advantage of increased diversification and liquidity as well as the ability to participate in investments that may only be available to larger investors. They also reduce the costs they would incur if they had to buy many individual stocks and bonds as well as professional investment management, service and convenience. Because mutual funds are ready to redeem their shares at any time, they also provide investors with easy access to their money.
Mutual funds also have drawbacks, including additional fees, less control over when earnings are recognized, less predictable income, and no opportunity to exercise individual judgment or customize the invested portfolio.
7. Hedge Funds:
Hedge funds are not considered a type of mutual fund, but are similar to mutual funds in that they accept money from investors and use the funds to purchase a portfolio of assets. These are actively managed private equity funds that invest in a wide range of markets, investment instruments and strategies. Hedge funds are often open and allow additions or withdrawals by their investors.
However, a hedge fund typically has no more than 99 investors, all of whom are high net worth individuals or institutions such as pension funds. Hedge funds generally make riskier investments than mutual funds and charge investors much higher fees.
Because these hedge funds are sold to a small number of investors, they have historically been exempt from some of the regulations that govern other funds. They are subject to the regulatory restrictions of their country and generally, regulations limit participation in hedge funds to certain categories of qualified investors.
8. Investment banks:
An investment bank is a financial institution that helps individuals, businesses and governments raise capital by underwriting and/or acting as the client’s agent in the issuance of securities. They differ from commercial banks in that they do not take deposits and rarely lend directly to households.
Investment banks focus on advising companies issuing stocks and bonds or considering mergers with other companies. They also engage in underwriting, in which they guarantee a price to a company issuing stocks or bonds, and then make a profit by selling the stocks or bonds at a higher price. They may provide ancillary services such as market making, derivatives and equity securities trading, and FICC (fixed income, foreign exchange and commodity) services.
Related links
You may also like What is Finance? Meaning, Definition and Characteristics of Finance | What is the Stock Exchange? Meaning Definition and Characteristics | Financial markets | What is the business? The main features of the company | Financial assets | Financial Institutions | Financial Intermediaries – Custodian | Financial intermediaries – non-depositories | Presentation of the Finance domain | Why Learn Finance Domain? | BFSI Industry Overview | Financial system key services
Date Created Tuesday 09 April 2013 Hits 37091 define financial institutions, financial institution, financial institutions, financial institutions and markets, financial institutions in India, types of financial intermediaries, meaning of institutions, multilateral financial institutions, non-banking financial institutions in India , role of financial institutions, types of financial institutions